![]() ![]() ![]() Examination of the front and side scatter characteristics of these cells by flow-cytometry was similar to results obtained earlier with only one major cell population evident. 11 The cells were spun down (10 min x 800 g) and cell viability and numbers determined on a haemocytometer using trypan blue exclusion. Isolation and culture of chondrocytes from the loose bodiesĬhondrocytes were enzymatically isolated from loose bodies by sequential digestion with: i) 0.1% (w/v) pronase in DMEM-F12 media containing 10% (v/v) FCS for 2 h at 37☌ ii) 0.05% (w/v) clostridial collagenase in media for 4 h and iii) overnight digestion with collagenase. The loose body chondrocytes expressed type II collagen, aggrecan and 5D4 KS in 3D alginate bead culture but no detectable type I collagen. We subsequently went on to isolate this chondrocyte population, they displayed high viability and were highly proliferative compared to chondrocytes isolated from residual tibial and femoral articular cartilage from the same knee joint replacements. In the present study histological examination of loose bodies showed to our surprise that they were highly cellular containing large numbers of viable chondrocytes and suggested that they may be a potential source of autologous human chondrocytes for repair strategies. 8, 9 Loose bodies are normally small, 9 but cases of giant loose bodies have also been reported. Osteocartilaginous loose bodies are caused by fractures, osteochondritis dissecans, 6, 7 inflammation, synovial chondromatosis 7 or tumours (osteochondromas). Cartilaginous loose bodies are caused by traumatic injury to the OA joint. Fibrinous loose bodies result from intra-articular bleeding or by death of synovial tissue associated with tuberculosis, OA or RA. Smooth bodies are classified as fibrinous, cartilaginous and osteocartilaginous. Loose bodies have a traumatic origin such as dislocation of the patella 2 or a complication arising from an orthopaedic procedure 3-5 and their occurrence is more likely in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The former are located in fixed positions in the knee and are generally well tolerated and asymptomatic while the latter are free to move around the knee joint and may be the cause of pain, knee joint swelling, joint weakness and may cause the knee to lock abruptly. Loose bodies are classified as either stable or unstable. They may occur in single or multiple forms 1 but generally only affect a single knee. Loose bodies (also known as rice bodies and knee joint mice) are fragments of cartilage or bone that float freely within the synovial fluid component of the knee joint.
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